Assume you're studying co-occurrence of three species of butterflies (species X, Y, and Z) on Caribbean islands. Of 29 islands surveyed, you find 3 have all three species present 2 have only X and Y 9 have only Y and Z 1 has only X and Z 4 have only X 2 have only Y 5 have only Z 3 have none of the three species
a) Determine the probability that at least species Y is present on a randomly selected island?
b) Determine the probability that at least one of the three species is present?
c) If you find out that species X is present on an island, what is the probability that Y is also present on that island?
d) If you find out that species X is present on an island, what is the probability that Z is not present on that island?
e) If you choose two islands at random, determine the probability that X is present on both of them?
f) If you choose two islands at random, determine the probability that X and Y are present on both of them?