1. Assume the half-life of the proton is 1033 y. How many decays per year would you expect in a tank of water containing 350,000 liters of water? Assume the bound protons can decay.
2. CERN constructed the ?rst proton-proton collider, called the Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR), in 1971. Each proton beam had a kinetic energy of 31 GeV. Calculate how much energy a ?xed-target accelerator would need to have the same energy available in the center-of-mass energy.
3. Calculate the speed of the 7.0-TeV protons that are produced in the LHC at CERN.
4. A cyclotron is used to accelerate protons to 70 MeV. If these protons are elastically scattered from deuterons (2H) and tritons (3H), what are the maximum ener- gies of the 2H and 3H?
5. Calculate the minimum kinetic energy of a proton to be scattered from a ?xed proton target to produce an antiproton.