Response to the following :
How would you characterize rabbinic Judaism after the 1st Century C.E.?
Rabbinic Judaism was born from the chaos surrounding the Jewish rebellion of 66 BC to 70 BC which ended with the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem. Judaism had been centered around the Temple and the sacrifices, teachings, and tradition associated with it. It had also been looking forward to a Messiah who would conquer the Romans and relieve the oppression the Israelites lived under. Pharisaic Judaism had stressed the inspiration and inerrancy of the Torah as God's word to Israel.
Rabbinic Judaism sought to unify several Jewish sects. It also tried to deal with the question of how to worship as a Jew without a temple and without a homeland for as a result of the diaspora. They were living in a world dominated by non-Jews and desperately needed a way to connect the present with their past. Rabbinic Judaism attempted to solve these problems by adding modern traditions to the Torah, replacing temple worship practices with other religious ceremonies, and helping Jews connect to their historical roots regardless of their present geographic location.
Reference:
https://www.livius.org/di-dn/diaspora/rome.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origins_of_Rabbinic_Judaism