Which of the following is not usually a characteristic of competing in an emerging industry?
a. There's much speculation about how the industry will function, how fast it will grow, and how big it will get.
b. Technological know-how is freely shared and exchanged among the early participants, with no competitive advantage attached to patents and proprietary technology.
c. There is uncertainty regarding which of several competing technologies will win out or which product attributes will win the greatest buyer favor and drive buyer purchases.
d. Many potential buyers expect first-generation products to be rapidly improved and delay their purchase until technology and product design mature.
e. Entry barriers tend to be relatively low.