Calculate the total gibbs free energy for the molecule will


The blood concentration of chloride (Cl-) is 116mM and the cytosolic concentration of chloride is 4mM. The membrane potential is -70mV (it is more negative inside the cell).

Assume the chloride channels on the plasma membrane are open, calculate the total Gibbs free energy for the molecule. Will the chlroride molecules move down their concentration gradient into the cell? Why?

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Biology: Calculate the total gibbs free energy for the molecule will
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