Australian Rupert Murdoch was able to form FOX in 1986, the first new U.S. broadcast in over 40 years, for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. The new network boldly planned new programming to go head to head with the other major networks in an effort to steal their audiences.
b. The network avoided the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules by programming fewer hours per week of prime-time programming than the other broadcast networks, and by cream skimming.
c. Murdoch already owned an existing backlog of programming through his purchase of 20thCentury Fox Studios.
d. The arrival of cable channels made UHF stations competitive with VHF stations in individual markets, thereby opening up a new group of viable affiliates.