Fresh water can be produced from salt water by evaporation and subsequent condensation. An example is shown in Fig. P8.45, where 150 kg/s salt water, state 1, comes from the condenser in a large power plant. The water is throttled to the saturated pressure in the flash evaporator and the vapor, state 2, is then condensed by cooling with sea water. As the evaporation takes place below atmospheric pressure, pumps must bring the liquid water flows back up to P0. Assume that the salt water has the same properties as pure water, the ambient is at 20?C, and there are no external heat transfers. With the states as shown in the table below, find the irreversibility in the throttling valve and in the condenser.
