Question: The following data are from a study by Linus Pauling (1971) ("The significance of the evidence about ascorbic acid and the common cold," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 68, p. 2678), concerned with examining the relationship between taking vitamin C and the incidence of colds. Of 279 participants in the study, 140 received a placebo (sugar pill) and 139 received vitamin C.
Assess the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between taking vitamin C and the incidence of the common cold.