Scenario 1 -
Ha: Individuals with a higher level of education are more likely to have a higher socioeconomic status because they will have more job opportunities at higher salary levels.
Ho: Level of education and socioeconomic status are independent.
Table 1: Socioeconomic status by level of education
|
|
HS or less
|
Some college
|
Bachelor +
|
|
Low class
|
32%
|
25%
|
15%
|
|
Working class
|
44%
|
33%
|
21%
|
|
Middle to upper class
|
34%
|
45%
|
63%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total N
|
267
|
150
|
904
|
N = 1,321
Spearman's rho = 0.354
Chi square (p < .001)
MOE = +/- 2.7%
Base on these statistics, answer these questions and provide a brief explanation.
- Are there a sufficient number of observations in every column to interpret all columns (N > 100)?
- Are you able to reject the null hypothesis?
- Does your hypothesis appear to hold at all values of the DV? In other words, does a association exist when comparing the IV values across the rows?
- Are the observed differences greater than the MOE when you compare the endpoints of the IV across the row?
- Since the IV is not nominal, did you observe a monotonic relationship at all values of the DV (Yes) or select No if you observed different patterns?
- Is the relationship moderate to strong?
- Is the direction of the relationship moving in the direction hypothesized?
- When a hypothesis appears to hold, researchers add validity to their findings by citing the literature that theorized the expected outcome when they report their findings.
- When a hypothesis holds where a clear pattern and strong existence of an association appears, researchers do not have to be concerned about a confounding variable (a third omitted variable) that may be producing a spurious outcome?
Scenario 2 -
Ha: Individuals with a higher level of education are more likely to have a higher personal health rating as they will make more informed decisions about their health and well-being.
Ho: Level of education and personal health rating status are independent.
Table 2: Personal health rating by level of education
|
|
HS or less
|
Some college
|
Bachelor +
|
|
Excellent
|
29%
|
36%
|
43%
|
|
Good
|
48%
|
51%
|
45%
|
|
Fair to poor
|
25%
|
24%
|
13%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total N
|
645
|
90
|
304
|
N = 1,039
Spearman's rho = -0.178
Chi square (p < .05)
MOE = +/- 3.0%
Based on these statistics, answer these questions and provide a brief explanation.
- Are there a sufficient number of observations in every column to interpret all columns (N > 100)?
- Are you able to reject the null hypothesis?
- Overall, does your hypothesis appear to hold at all values of the DV? In other words, does an association exist when comparing the IV values across the rows, with NO exceptions?
- Are the observed differences greater than the MOE when you compare the endpoints of the IV among those who report "excellent" and "fair to poor" health?
- Given this observation about the MOE, do the statistics suggests that your hypothesis generally holds with limited exceptions.
- Since the IV is not nominal, did you observe a monotonic relationship at all values of the DV (Yes) or select No if you observed different patterns?
- Is the relationship moderate to strong?
- Is the direction of the relationship generally moving in the direction hypothesized, with one exception?
Write about the data with your interpretation and your answers to the analytical question above.
Scenario 3 -
Ha: Individuals with a higher level of education are more likely to support providing birth control to minor since public health knowledge is more available and promoted through educational institutions.
Ho: Level of education and views on birth control are independent.
Table 3: Views about providing birth control to minor by level of education
|
|
HS or less
|
Some college
|
Bachelor +
|
|
Strongly agree
|
23%
|
21%
|
26%
|
|
Agree
|
31%
|
28%
|
36%
|
|
Disagree
|
23%
|
26%
|
25%
|
|
Strongly disagree
|
16%
|
14%
|
16%
|
|
Total N
|
267
|
50
|
404
|
N = 1,321
Spearman's rho = 0.009
Chi square (p = .65)
MOE = +/- 3.6%
The goal of this assignment is to create an analysis plan for your final paper.
You must choose three variables and propose two hypotheses to test. You may choose from two models:
Model 1: Two IVs and one DV
Model 2: One IV and two DV
Your analysis plan must consist of four parts. Please complete each part below so that we may provide feedback in your mandatory design meeting.
For this module assignment, you will use the HSCS dataset available on Sakai.
You may ONLY select those variables highlighted in the HBSC codebook for your Design Plan - Unhighlighted variables ARE NOT included in the dataset.
The dataset is very robust enhancing the research questions that may be explored by our student research teams. As such, we recommend that you carefully review the full codebook in order to understand the goals and topical areas explored in the primary research.
This is a new dataset we have not used this semester.
Although you are submitting this assignment on an individual basis, you are able to use this submission to inform your team submission, including the same variables you selected for this assignment if your teammates agree.
Assignment File -
https://www.dropbox.com/s/t0v5q79q65m9pt4/Desktop.rar?dl=0