QUESTION 1. According to ____________ theory, the key to understanding the root cause of crime can be found in the nation's socioeconomic makeup.
Economic
Cultural Deviance
Social Structure
Strain
QUESTION 2. Economic disadvantage and poverty can be especially devastating to:
Younger children
Teenagers
The middle-aged
Infants
QUESTION 3. According to _______ theory, crime flourishes in an area where institutions of social control, such as family, commercial establishments, and schools, have broken down and can no longer perform their expected functions.
Social disorganization
Strain
Cultural deviance
Anomie
QUESTION 4. Shaw and McKay identified distinct ecological areas had developed in the Chicago area, forming a series of nine __________, and that there were stable and significant interzone differences in crime rates.
Concentric zones
Secular circles
Expansive triangles
Egocentric cities
QUESTION 5. Sutherland believed that acquiring criminal behavior is a _______ process.
Socialization
Legal
Financial
Political
QUESTION 6. Social reaction theory is also called ________________.
Strain theory
False perception theory
Labeling theory
Differential association
QUESTION 7. Critical criminologists believe that ______________ are now more powerful than ever.
Cites
States
Corporations
Individuals
QUESTION 8. ____________ asserts that because of strain and social isolation, a unique lower-class culture develops in disorganized neighborhoods.
Social behavior theory
Social ecological theory
Cultural deviance theory
Economic significance theory
QUESTION 9. The goal of accumulating material goods and wealth through individual competition involving the process of being socialized to pursue material success and to believe it is achievable is called the:
Success hypothesis
False-precipitation theory
American dream
Hard-work hypothesis
QUESTION 10. Collective efficacy is the social control exerted by cohesive communities.
True
False