An express bus travels directly from A-town to B-ville. A local bus also links these two towns, but it goes west 30 km from A-town to C-city, then 30 km south to D-ville, and finally 12 km west to E-town and 30 km northeast to B-ville.
(a) What is the shortest distance from A-town to B-ville?
(b) In what direction does the express bus travel?
(c) If the express bus takes 0.45 h to go from A-town to B-ville, and the local bus takes 3.0 h, calculate the average speed and the average velocity for each bus.