Affirmative action preference plans that grant a "plus" factor to women and minority group applicants for employment can be considered: Moral pursuant to ethical egoism because the company will have a diverse and culturally competent workforce. Moral pursuant to Utilitarian ethics because society will benefit by bringing more women and minority group members into the workforce. Immoral pursuant to Kantian ethics because of the possibility of "reverse discrimination" against more qualified white male applicants. All of the above are possible.