Advanced vaccine technology:
Genetic engineering technology is the major scientific revolution of 20th Century. This has helped in developing vaccine with no side effects such as anaphylaxis, reversal of virulence of the infectious agents with the use of attenuated vaccine, and in improving the potency and immunogenicity of the vaccine with use of dominant antigenic epitopes. Cell culture vaccine and DNA deletion vaccine are found to have equal potency as compared to live attenuated or inactivated vaccines. Synthesis of immunogenic proteins in animal fodder and plants, and expression of antigenic epitome in vectors will have a huge advantage and could bring about evolutionary changes in the practice of veterinary vaccinations. This will also help in vaccinating through cost-effective bets in animals, particularly in wild species.