Administrative spending for federal regulatory agencies, which is used as a measurement of regulatory costs, has a. decreased because companies have been much more responsible at self-regulation, and less federal spending is needed. b. remained relatively steady throughout the past couple of decades. c. decreased in the past years as more of the burden of regulation is shifted to the state agencies. d. increased steadily over the years as the world of business has continued to grow and become more complex. e. increased in the past years because states have been ineffective with their regulations and the burden has shifted to federal agencies.