A vertical petrol engine 100mm diameter and 120mm stroke has a connecting rod 250mm long. The mass of the piston is 1.1kg. The speed is 2000 r.p.m. On the expansion stroke with a crank 20 degree from top dead center, the gas pressure is 700 KN/m². Calculate:-
a) Net force on the piston.
b) Resultant load on the gudgeon pin.
c) Thrust on the cylinder walls, and
d) Speed above which, other things remaining same, the gudgeon pin load would be reversed in direction.