A stationary 40 kN single axle load (applied on a circular contact area of radius = 152 mm = 6") is applied to each of the flexible pavement structures indicated below. Assuming linear elastic behaviour and no edge effects, use KENLAYER to determine for the two pavement systems given below:
a. Total maximum surface deflection of the pavement system;
b. Horizontal strain at the bottom of the HMA layer; and,
c. Vertical stress on the top of the subgrade.
Pavement systems:
i) 150 mm of HMA with 3,500 MPa modulus; placed directly on a sandy subgrade with 75 MPamodulus.
ii) 75 mm of HMA with 3,900 MPa; 200 mm of granular base with 150 MPa modulus; and clay subgrade with 40 MPa modulus.