Question: A space probe near Neptune communicates with Earth using bit strings. Suppose that in its transmissions it sends a 1 one-third of the time and a 0 two-thirds of the time. When a 0 is sent, the probability that it is received correctly is 0.9, and the probability that it is received incorrectly (as a 1) is 0.1. When a 1 is sent, the probability that it is received correctly is 0.8, and the probability that it is received incorrectly (as a 0) is 0.2.
a) Find the probability that a 0 is received.
b) Use Bayes' theorem to find the probability that a 0 was transmitted, given that a 0 was received.