Please briefly discuss each of the 10 principals of material handing.
1. Planning: A material-handling plan is a prescribed course of action that is defined in advance of implementation, specifying the material, moves, and the method of handling.
2. Standardization: Standardization is a way of achieving uniformity in the material-handling methods, equipment, controls, and software without sacrificing needed flexibility, modularity, and throughput.
3. Work: The measure of work is material-handling flow (volume, weight, or count per unit of time) multiplied by the distance moved.
4. Ergonomic: Ergonomics is the science that seeks to adapt work and working conditions to suit the abilities of the worker.
5. Unit load: A unit load is one that can be stored or moved as a single entity at one time, regardless of the number of individual items that make up the load.
6. Space utilization: Effective and efficient use must be made of all available space.
7. System: A system is a collection of interdependent entities that interact and form a unified whole.
8. Automation: Automation is a technology for operating and controlling production and service activities through electromechanical devices, electronics, and computer-based systems with the result of linking multiple operations and creating a system that can be controlled by programmed instructions.
9. Environmental: The environmental principle in material handling refers to conserve natural resources and minimizing the impact of material-handling activities on the environment.
10. Life cycle cost: Life cycle costs include all cash flows that occur between the time the first dollar is spent on the material-handling equipment or method until its disposal or replacement.