1. A horizontal rod 5 mm in diameter is immersed in water maintained at 18°C. If the rod surface temperature is 56°C, estimate the free convection heat transfer rate per unit length of the rod.
2. A horizontal uninsulated steam pipe passes through a large room whose walls and ambient air are at 300 K. The pipe of 150-mm diameter has an emissivity of 0.85 and an outer surface temperature of 400 K. Calculate the heat loss per unit length from the pipe.