Question: A French teacher tested the claim that "concrete, immediate experience enhances vocabulary learning." Driving from the college into the city, he described in French the terrain, signs, distances, and so forth, which he recorded with a digital voice recorder. ("L'auto est sur le pont. Carrefour prochain est dangereux.") For the next part of his investigation, his French II students were ranked from 1 to 10 in competence. The 10 were divided in such a way that numbers 1, 4, 5, 8, and 9 listened to the record while riding to the city (concrete, immediate experience) and numbers 2, 3, 6, 7, and 10 listened to the record in the language laboratory. The next day each student took a 25-item vocabulary test; the number of errors was recorded. Think about the design, analyze the data, and write a conclusion about immediate, concrete experience.
#1 7 #2 7 #3 15 #4 7 #5 12
#6 22 #7 24 #8 12 #9 21 #10 32