A 10cm long cylindrical rod of steel is elongated to become 12.1cm long by the application of a force of 10kN.
1- What is the ration of initial diameter to final diameter, assuming no net volume change?
2- At this load, what proportion of the true stress is the applied stress?
3- For this moment of deformation, what is the true strain and engineering strain?
4- if the initial diameter is 5mm, by how much will the specimen contract when the 10kN load is removed if the Young's modulus for steel is 210GPa?