1. Octane (C8H18) enters an engine and burns with air to give products with the dry molar analysis of CO2, 10.5%; CO, 5.8%; CH4, 0.9%; H2, 2.6%; O2, 0.3%; N2, 79.9%. Determine the equivalence ratio.
2. Methane (CH4) burns with air to form products consisting of CO2, CO, H2O, and N2 only. If the equivalence ratio is 1.25, determine the balanced reaction equation.
3. Liquid octane (C8H18) at 778F, 1 atm enters a combustion chamber operating at steady state and burns completely with 50% excess dry air entering at 1208F, 1 atm. The products exit at 10608F, 1 atm. Determine the rate of heat transfer between the combustion chamber and its surroundings, in Btu per lbmol of fuel entering. Kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible.