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If there is one monolayer coverage of organic contamination on the wafer, how much is that counted as carbon atoms/cm2?
Etch rate could basically be measured easily by weighing the sample before and after etching. What resolution scale is needed to determine rates for?
What is the best possible resolution in optical contact lithography? Make a graphical presentation of projection lithography resolution versus depth of focus!
What process and materials parameters do you need to know in order to estimate the electron beam heating of a mask plate and resist during EBL?
What is the smallest possible feature size that can be written with a 50 keV electron beam?
Oxygen is soluble into titanium up to 34 atomic%. What will be the thickness of a silicon dioxide film that can be dissolved by a 50 nm-thick titanium film?
Convert all ingredients to pounds (show work) before applying the percentage. Report the percentage; you can do this in decimals.
Assume that a mass concrete structure should not have a temperature difference greater. Determine the maximum temperature of fresh concrete to avoid cracking.
Can you estimate the creep of the same concrete at 28 days under a compressive load of 11 MPa and exposed to 50 percent R.H.?
Compute the energy release rate for the double cantilever beam when loaded by end moments.
A series of experiments on identical specimens of Maxwell material were performed. Discuss the implications of results in practical applications.
Is the compressive strength going to increase? What about the elastic modulus? Please justify your answer.
Assume that the freezing was done carefully and, therefore, did not generated micro cracks. Which concrete will have a higher elastic modulus?
What is roller-compacted concrete? Define mass concrete. What type of cements and admixtures are used for making mass concrete mixtures?
Discuss the two principal problems in radiation shielding. What are the benefits of using concrete as a shielding material?
What do you understand by the terms polymer concrete, latex-modified concrete, and polymer-impregnated concrete?
What is the principal advantage of using fiber-reinforced concrete? Explain how the concrete acquires this property.
What changes may have to be made in the mix proportions for flowing concrete?
In high-rise buildings, what are the advantages of constructing shear walls and columns with high-strength concrete?
In spite of the cellular structure of aggregate, lightweight concretes show less micro cracking and excellent durability. Why?
Describe the difference between X-ray radiography and X-ray tomography. What type of problems will that generate?
Determine the thickness of delamination in a concrete pavement. Devise a scheme to determine the location of a crack using acoustic emission.
What will be the consequences of such inhomogeneities in the selection of the wave frequency to be used for a nondestructive test on concrete?
Write a memo describing the protocol of the site investigation including what nondestructive tests should be used to determine the best repair strategy.
List four nondestructive test method for the evaluation of concrete quality. Explain which you would recommend for deciding the formwork removal time.