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monitoring of risk managementassessment of effectiveness of measures taken and review risk management andor assessment as
q illustrate thallium scintigraphyit is often done with spect single photon emission computed tomography which further increases the sensitivity
q find the modalities in stress testingin addition to electrocardiographic stress testing there are various newer modalities that can be very useful
risk management option assessmentidentification of available management optionsselection of preferred management option including consideration of an
q determine st-segment elevationansexercise induced st-segment elevation is common in subjects with post mi stress tests in leads where q-waves are
explain risk evaluationrisk evaluation the risk evaluation involvesa identification of a food safety problemb establishment of a risk
q what do you know by hemodynamic responsesreduced exercise capacity roughly reflects impaired lv function and may contribute its prognostic value to
q describe induced ventricular arrhythmiasthe prognostic significance of ventricular ectopy provoked by stress testing after an mi is controversial
q describe st segment depressionthe development of st-segment depression with exercise is probably the most reliable sign if myocardial ischaemia
define risk managementrisk management is defined for the purposes of the codex alimentations commission as the process distinct from risk
q evaluating inducible ischaemia after revascularisationmost early treadmill stress tests are performed either at discharge or within two weeks of an
risk assessment of biological hazardsbiological hazards of concern to public health include pathogenic strains of bacteria viruses helminths protozoa
exposure assessmentestimates of dietary intakes of food additives residues of pesticides and veterinary drugs and contaminants require
q explain process of stress testing in womenestrogen has been implicated as a cause of st depression for years it seemed that estrogen protect women
non-threshold approachesfor genetic carcinogenes the noel-safety factor approach is generally not considered a suitable
qexplain about stress testing in womendata on mortality in men is about 25 times that of women at younger ages however cad in men exceeds that found
q describe false negaive testswhen patients are found to have significant coronary narrowing and fail to have exercise induced st depression they
dose-scaling toxicological equivalent doses in animals and humans are a debatable issue the joint faoiwho expert committee on food additives jecfa
q explain false positive testsas st depression has been equated with cad patients with this finding who have less than a critical coronary narrowing
q silent myocardial ischaemiaansthis deals primarily with those who have never had symptoms recognized as being of cardiac origin others who have had
dose-response extrapolationin order to be compared to human exposure levels the animal data need to be extrapolated to doses much lower than those
q corelation of st depressoin with coronary angiographyvarious investigators considered 1 mm of horizontal or downsloping st depression to denote a
structure-activity relationshipsstructure-activity relationships may be useful to increase the weight-of-evidence or human health hazards
q define myocardial infraction and stress testingprediction of disease is one of the primary functions of stress testing we would like to be able to
in-vitro studiesmechanistic data might be supplemented by data from in-vitro studies like as information on genotoxicity