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define hash files organizationa hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value b a
repeated inheritance if a class inherits more than once from the same class then it is referred to as repeated
classa class is a template that states the properties of objects classes have an interface which having of the operation a body which executes the
aggregation between objectsaggregation among objects shows a relationship it is a wholepart relationship aggregation might be implying containment
explain the cascadeless schedulea cascadeless schedule is one in which for every pair of transactions ti and tj like that tj reads a data item before
explain the recoverable schedule a recoverable schedule is one in which for each pair of transactions ti and tj such that tj reads a data item
list the important properties of a modular system desirable properties are-every module is a well defined subsystem useful to othersevery
what is a modular system a modular system having of well defined manageable units to well defined interfaces between
explain thomas write rule show how it is different from timestamp ordering protolans in timestamp-based concurrency control the thomas write rule
what are the three activities of risk assessmentthe three activities are identifying examining and giving priorities risks can be identified by a
describe the algorithm for updating indices for a single level index when a record is i inserted ii deletedwhat will be the
key process areas of cmm1 requirements management which establishes a common relationship among the customer and developer2 software project
the activities of software maintenancesoftware maintenance is a broad activity that contains error correction increasing of capabilities deletion of
describe the four main ways of optimising disk block accessans a disk b non-volatile writes buffersc file organization clusteringd log-based file
what problems arise if two modules have high couplingcoupling means the interconnection of dissimilar modules with each other or we can say it tells
define multivalued dependency what do understand by trivial multivalued dependency ans a multivalued dependency is a full constraint among two
define atom of domain relational calculus an atom has the outline lt x1 x2 xn gt -gt r in which r stands for a relation on n attributes and x1 x2
explain what is relation a database relation is a predefined row or column format for storing information in a relational database relations are
how is software design different from coding points of difference among software design and coding can be laid down as under design 1 design is
explain the attribute inheritanceans throughout the rendering of the objects in a view attribute sets of objects higher in the view hierarchy are
explain the weak entity set an entity set which does not have sufficient attribute to make a primay key is known as weak entity set for instance
explain superkeyans a superkey is described in the relational model of database organization like a set of attributes of a relation variable for
define the concept of aggregation give two examples where this concept is useful ans aggregation transforms a relationship among the objects into
differentiate between object oriented and function oriented design function-oriented design relies on recognizing functions which transform their
briefly describe the different kinds of users of a dbms ans different sorts of dbms users area software engineers these are the people