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hybrid design pure top-down or pure bottom up approaches are often not practical thus hybrid approach which combines the above two approaches is
top down design a top down design approach begins by identifying the main modules of the system decomposing them into their lower level modules and
explain the log based recovery methodthe system log that is generally written on stable storage consists of the redundant data required to recover
bottom up design this design leads to a style of design where we decide how to join these modules to give larger ones to combine those to give even
types of coupling are-a data couplingb stamp couplingc control couplingd external couplingecommon couplingf content
define coupling coupling is the measure of the degree of interdependence among
discuss the difference between drop table r and delete from r drop table command deletes all the records with the table definition this command
explain the check clausethe check clause is employed to at the end of a create table statement specify table constraints this is known as table-based
discuss the count functionthe count function used returns the number of tuples or values fixed in a querythe count function comprises two types of
fan in is simply a count of the number of other components that can call or pass control to component
how nulls are treated in comparison operatoralong with comparison relational operators the null values are ignored as we cannot derive the relation
what is live variablea variable is live from its first to its last reference within a
product metrics explain the characteristics of the product such as size complexity design features performance efficiency reliability portability
list any three characteristics of a good srs the srs should be correct unambiguous complete 1 correct an srs is correct iff every
explain the software life cycle model that incorporates risk factor the problem with traditional software process models is that they do not deal
evolutionary development model evolutionary development model evolutionary development model resembles iterative enhancement model the similar
iterative enhancement modeliterative enhancement model this model has the similar phases as the waterfall model but with fewer restrictions normally
discuss any two software characteristicssoftware is not manufactured the life of software is from method exploration to the retirement of the
what is difference between primary index and secondary indexprimary indexa it is an ordered file whose records are of fixed length along with two
what is structured programming and why is it importantstructured programming is a programming which was coined in the late 1960s to mean programming
what are the disadvantages of file-processing system ans the disadvantages of file-processing systema data redundancy and inconsistency - data
what is reverse engineering it is a process of examining software with a view to understanding its design and specification- in
functions that dynamic testing tools supports 1 input setting selecting of the test data that the test object reads when called 2 stub
explain the project-join normal forma relation r is in pjnf along with respect to a set of functional dependencies d if for all join dependencies of
what are dynamic testing tools dynamic testing tools 1 coverage analyzers execution verifiers2 output comparators3 test data generators4