Introduction to System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
System development life cycle is also known as the system life cycle problem solving cycle, system development cycle. System development and system study.
Perhaps, the simplest view of this life cycle is a sequence of tasks, an approach that was used in the early days of developing computer based system. It is in the nature of system that they share a common life cycle pattern. After a system has been in operation for a number of years. It matures over time, become less and less effective because of the changing environment to which it has to adapt and eventually dies. Generally. It is seen that the minor modifications or changes do not make much effect, so either the major changes are required to accommodate the new technologies attributes requirements software hardware resource etc. Or the system has to be developed again. The system development should be restructured with new concepts, the problems are removed and additional features are included. So the new system development follows the effective system development life cycle. To be reliable and of good performance. The system development life cycle is defined as:
A system development life cycle is the evolutionary process that followed in implementing a computer based system or subsystem.
It can also be stated as:
A system development life cycle is a framework consisting of a series of various different tasks to achieve the specific centralized objective in the development of a system .SDLC is an application of the systems approach to the task of developing and using computer based system . As such the SDLC is a methodology but its pattern is being influenced by their need to develop the system more quickly.
Some Related Issue
Before discussing the various phases of the system development life cycle, some important issue related to the system development have to be considered:
1. A system development process must include an understanding of the system , creating models , making decisions in what is to be done and planning the work. There are some questions to be answered:
Should system developers follow a defined set of steps?
Should they be given the freedom to own their creativity?
But if they are free then how do we ensure that the system will be built on time and at minimum cost?
So good development life cycles must obtain a balance between the structure and freedom.
2. A development process must balance all of these needs to ensure about completion while supporting freedom needed to ensure creativity. System designers should not just continue to create new ideas without ever putting them into practice. So they should not simply implement the first design they think of using a set of strict process rules.
Some other are:
1. First and foremost, the system should meet the original user requirements.
2. The trend should be introduction of various checks during the process to ensure that the number of error on completions minimized.
3. When the whole system is built and tested then it should work without any error and it should meet all the user requirements.
4. Next criteria are of quality. Quality is generally defined as to produce error free system that meets user requirements with minimum effort. So quality assurance checks are applied time to time during the development process that system requirement are properly met, not lost changed.
5. Quality assurance mechanisms include validation of outputs from various activities against original requirements. They also include verification of individual activities to ensure whether each activity converts its output back into its input correctly and accurately or not. At last also includes the testing of working components.
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