Site of photosynthesis

Site of photosynthesis:

For photosynthesis the chloroplasts are the real sites. All green parts of a plant are included in photosynthesis. Leaves are the very much significant organs of photosynthesis. In xerophytes such as Opuntia, the stem is green and it carries out photosynthesis. Over half a million chloroplasts are available in one square millimetre (MM) of a leaf. It calculates approximately 4 to 6 micron.

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                                                        Diagram:  Structure of chloroplast

A higher plants’ classic chloroplast is discoid shaped. It is a double membrane bound organelle consisting of xanthophyll, chlorophyll, carotenoid, cytochrome, DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid), RNA (Ribonucleic Acid), manganese, etc. Chloroplasts are usually significantly larger as compared with the mitochondria.

The space that is covered by the envelope is filled with matrix termed as stroma. In the stroma, several grana are embedded. In every granum, various disc shaped lamellae are available. These disc shaped structures are termed as thylakoids. They look like a stack of coins.  This structure is termed as granum. Usually a chloroplast consists of 40 to 60 grana. The photosynthetic pigments are existed in grana. The stroma consists of circular DNA, RNA and enzymes for starch synthesis.

 

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