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  Reactions of electron transport

Reactions of electron transport:

In the electron transport chain the electron acceptors include FMN, ubiquinone (coQ), and a group of strongly related proteins known as cytochromes. The below diagram displays arrangement of the protein

278_electron transport.jpg

 
  

                                                    Diagram: Simplified Electron Transport

In Electron Transport Chain Oxidative Phosphorylation contain the electron donors

NADH + H+
FADH2

The coupled oxidation OR reduction reaction is

NADH + H+ + 1/202 → H2O + NAD+
FADH2 +1/202 → H2O + FAD

The above coupled reactions yield free energy NADH + H+ yields 52 Kcal/mole like the electrons from NADH + H+ transfer to oxygen contain three pumps yield 3 ATP molecule at 3 sites FADH2 yields 36 Kcal/mole like the electron from FADH2 transfer to oxygen there are 2 pumps yield 2 ATP molecule at 2 sites. The positions for which the energy captures taking place as ATP are given in the below diagram.

1963_proteins in electron transport.jpg


                                        Diagram: Arrangement of Proteins in Electron Transport Chain

The electrons’ spontaneous flow by each of the respiratory chain complexes I, III, & IV is coupled to ejection of H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to inner membrane space. The expulsion of proton gradient is completed by inner membrane protein, ATPase which uses released energy to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP. The terminal acceptor of electrons is molecular oxygen and it is condensed to water. Though not all the energy released are captured when high energy phosphate bond and liberated like heat. In warm blooded animals this heat is employed for the protection of body temperature. The significant respiratory control of electron transport chain is the accessibility of ADP, the substrate for the ATP Synthase.

 

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