--%>

Criticisms of Hawthorne Experiments

Criticisms of Hawthorne Experiments

Through the Hawthorne Experiments have opened a new chapter in management by emphasizing the importance of social factors in the output, it is not without fault. The experiments have been widely criticized by some behavioral scientists because of lack of scientific objectively used in arriving at various conclusions. Some critics feel that there was bias and preconception on the part of the Harvard researches. One writer developed a detailed comparison between the conclusion drawn by the researches and the evidence presented, and found that their conclusions were almost entirely unsupported. He asked the question, "how it was possible for studies so nearly devoid of the scientific merit, and conclusions so little supported by evidence, to gain so influential and respected a place within scientific disciplines and to hold this place for so long". Following other criticisms have also been made against the Hawthorne Experiments. The Hawthorne researches did not give sufficient attention to the attitudes that people bring with them to the workplace. They did not recognize such forces as class consciousness, the role of the unions, and other extra plant forces on attitudes of workers. The Hawthorne plant was not a typical plant because it was a thoroughly unpleasant place to work. Therefore, the results could not be valid for others. Hawthorne studies look upon the worker as a means to an end, and not an end in him. They assume acceptance of the management's goals and look on the worker as someone to be manipulated by the management. In spite of these shortcomings, Hawthorne Experiments will be known for discovering the importance of human factor in managing an organization. The experiments have stimulated many researches to study the human problems in the management. 

   Related Questions in Biology

  • Q : Vascular system which performs exchange

    Name the part of vascular system which performs exchange of gases and other substances with the tissues? Answer: Just capillaries perform exchange of gases and othe

  • Q : Vegetal stratification influencing

    Explain how does the vegetal stratification of an ecosystem influences the biological diversity?

  • Q : Cell mediated and humoral immunity

    Distinguish between the cell mediated and humoral immunity. Also write down their main functions.

  • Q : Organs influenced by chronic Chagas

    In the long term which are the organs influenced by the chronic Chagas’ disease?

  • Q : Do octopus and squids have exoskeleton

    Do octopus and squids have exoskeleton? Answer: Octopus and squids generally do not produce external shell (some squid species can have an internal shell). One cepha

  • Q : Eyelids in amphibians Describe why the

    Describe why the occurrence of eyelids in amphibians exist while they are absent in fishes in adaptation to terrestrial life?

  • Q : RNA and DNA regarding their biological

    Regarding their biological function what is the basic difference between RNA and DNA?

  • Q : Autocratic model - An Organizational

    "Might is Right" is the motto of the theory. It depends upon power. Those who are in command must have power to demand. Employees are to follow their boss otherwise they are to be penalized. The theory is based on the assumption that only management knows what is wron

  • Q : Define Cost Slope Cost Slope : A) The

    Cost Slope:A) The cost slope is the measure of sensitivity when crashing events: The slope between the normal point and the crash point can be computed; this gradient of the cost slope B) Cost Slope = (Crash Cost – Normal Cost)

  • Q : Describe integrative systems Describe

    Describe the physiological systems which are termed as integrative systems? Why is this designation reasonable?