--%>

Computers playing games

How Computers playing games can be categorized according to different dimensions?

E

Expert

Verified

Computers playing games:

Competing against each other in the form of a game is nothing new. Egyptians and Chinese have archived games which date back to far before the year zero. Games can be categorized according to different dimensions. Three examples are:

(1) the number of players,

(2) whether chance is involved, and

(3) how many information a player has.

With the upcoming of computers human beings were tempted to let the computer play those games. The reason why scientists are interested in research on board games is that the rules of games are mostly exact and well defined which makes it easy to translate them to a program that is suitable for a computer to run (Van den Herik, 1983). The research in board games obtained a huge impulse in 1944 when Von Neumann republished his article about the minimax algorithm (Von Neumann, 1928) together with Morgenstern in the book “Theory of Games and Economic Behavior” (Von Neumann and Morgenstern, 1944). These ideas were picked up by Shannon (1950) and Turing (1953) who tried to let a computer play Chess as intelligently as possible. Since then much research is performed on new methods, on a variety of games (Murray, 1952) and on other problems to make the computer a worthy opponent for the human player (Schaeffer and Van den Herik, 2002). One field in this area of research are the board games which have full information and are played by two persons. Chess is the classical example of this kind of a game and a great deal of effort has been devoted in the past to the construction of a good chess player. The most pregnant success so far in this area was the result when Deep Blue achieved to win against world chess champion Garry Kasparov (Newborn, 1996).

   Related Questions in Basic Statistics

  • Q : FIN512 Entrepreneurial Finance Chapter

      Chapter 6: Discussion Question: #4 p. 223  It is usually easier to forecast sales for a seasoned firm contrast to an early-stage venture because an early-stage venture has limited access to bank credit lines, sho

  • Q : Assumptions in Queuing system

    Assumptions in Queuing system: • Flow balance implies that the number of arrivals in an observation period is equal to the

  • Q : Principles of data analysis For the

    For the data analysis project, you will address some questions that interest you with the statistical methodology we are learning in class. You choose the questions; you decide how to collect data; you do the analyses. The questions can address almost any topic,

  • Q : Creating Grouped Frequency Distribution

    Creating Grouped Frequency Distribution: A) At first we have to determine the biggest and smallest values. B) Then we have to Calculate the Range = Maximum - Minimum C) Choose the number of classes wished for. This is generally between 5 to 20. D) Find out the class width by dividing the range b

  • Q : Get Solved LP Problems Solve Linear

    Solve Linear Programming Questions A producer manufactures 3 models (I, II and III) of a particular product. He uses 2 raw materials A and B of which 4000 and 6000 units respectively are obtainable. The raw materials per unit of 3

  • Q : Compare the test results The grade

    The grade point averages of 61 students who completed a college course in financial accounting have a standard deviation of .790. The grade point averages of 17 students who dropped out of the same course have a standard deviation of .940. Do the data indicate a

  • Q : Decision Variables Determine Decision

    Determine Decision Variables: Let X1 be the number of private homes to be inspectedLet X2 be the number of office buildings to be inspect

  • Q : Define Utilization Law Utilization Law

    Utilization Law: • ρk = XK . SK = X . DK • Utilization of a resource is the fraction

  • Q : Sample z test and Sample t test A

    A random sample X1, X2, …, Xn is from a normal population with mean µ and variance σ2. If σ is unknown, give a 95% confidence interval of the population mean, and interpret it. Discuss the major diff

  • Q : What is Forced Flow Law Forced Flow Law

    Forced Flow Law: • The forced flow law captures the relationship between the various components in the system. It states that the throughputs or flows, in all parts of a system must be proportional t