Multiple choice questions:
1. Consider the following example: "Retail sales increases in the 2005 holiday season were below projections. Sales were disappointing because consumers were not confident about economic growth." This is an example of _____.
a. an inductive argument
b. a deductive argument
c. an empirical argument
d. a factual argument
2. The acronym, RFP, stands for _____ and refers to the document used to invite research firms to propose ideas for addressing the research needs of the organization.
a. request for proposal
b. recency frequency population
c. research firm proposal
d. recognition of problem
Objective: Determine the significance, scope, magnitude and feasibility of finding a solution to the situation, problem, issue, or opportunity.
3. Consider the following statements: "Inner-city household interviewing is especially difficult and expensive. This survey involves substantial inner-city household interviewing. The interviewing in this survey will be especially difficult and expensive." This is an example of _____.
a. an empirical argument
b. an inductive argument
c. an exposition
d. a deductive argument
Objective: Identify ethical issues involved in business research.
4. In a restaurant complaint study, Dr. Jackson used deception to avoid biasing the participants. In this situation, what should Dr. Jackson do once the research is complete?
a. Apologize
b. Pay the participants
c. Debrief the participants
d. Seek psychological attention for the participants
5. All of the following are ways to protect participant confidentiality except _____.
a. obtain signed nondisclosure documents from those who wish to access the data
b. restrict access to participant identification
c. offer participants access to study results
d. reveal participant information only with written consent
Objective: Describe the business research process.
6. Ex post facto evaluation means that the research is evaluated _____.
a. prior to execution
b. based on the facts
c. after the research concludes
d. each day throughout the project
7. During the _____ stage, the analyst will look for patterns of responses to the survey questions.
a. data editing
b. data collection
c. data analysis
d. sampling
8. The problem or opportunity that requires a business decision is called the _____.
a. research question
b. management-research question hierarchy
c. management dilemma
d. management question
Objective: Develop appropriate research questions and hypotheses.
9. Which of the following hypotheses is a null hypothesis?
a. There is no difference in the monthly grocery bills of families with one child and families with two children
b. Grocery bills vary according to the number of meals eaten outside the home.
c. Families with two children have significantly higher grocery bills than families with just one child.
d. There is a relationship between grocery bills and the number of people in a household.
10. Which of the following hypotheses is an alternative hypothesis?
a. There is no relationship between grade point average and drinking behavior among college students.
b. Seniors are no more likely than freshmen to binge drink.
c. Men are more likely to binge drink than women.
d. Athletes and nonathletes are equally likely to binge drink.
Objective: Identify dependent and independent variables in business research.
11. Rachel is interested in learning the effect of using a celebrity endorsement on sales. The presence or absence of a celebrity endorsement is the _____ variable.
a. independent
b. dependent
c. mediating
d. criterion
12. "The introduction of a 4-day week leads to increased productivity, particularly among young workers, by improving job satisfaction." In this statement, improving job satisfaction is the
a. independent variable
b. dependent variable
c. intervening variable
d. moderating variable
13. Qualitative methods that encourage participants to reveal hidden or suppressed attitudes, ideas, emotions, and motives are called _____ techniques.
a. deceptive
b. unstructured
c. projective
d. focus group
14. Jack is participating in a research study. The interviewer asks Jack to say the first word that comes to mind when he hears a product's benefits. What type of projective technique is this an example of?
a. Thematic apperception test
b. Sentence completion
c. Brand mapping
d. Word association
Objective: Explain commonly used qualitative research designs and quantitative research designs.
15. Which type of incentive has been shown to consistently improve response rates to surveys?
a. Free product samples
b. Money
c. Gift certificates
d. Prize draw chance
16. Phoebe is working at a call center for a research company. She has a carrel with a personal computer that is networked to the phone system and to the central data processing unit. The computer selects telephone numbers, dials each number, and accepts responses as Phoebe enters what the respondents tell her. A software program prompts her with each question and precoded response options. Phoebe is collecting data using _____.
a. computer-assisted telephone interviewing
b. OTS software
c. computer-administered telephone surveys
d. computer-delivered surveys
17. A causal study is one that _____.
a. attempts to capture a population's characteristics by making inferences from a sample's characteristics and from testing resulting hypotheses
b. emphasizes a full contextual analysis of a few events or conditions and their interrelations
c. discovers answers to the questions who, what, when, where, or how much
d. attempts to reveal why or how one variable produces changes in another
18. Which of the following is true of focus group interviews?
a. Typically made up of three to five participants
b. Led by a group leader who is chosen by the participants
c. Meet for 90 minutes to 2 hours
d. Provide quantitative data
19. A measurement question whose wording suggests to the participant the desired answer is _____ question.
a. a double-barreled
b. a leading
c. an open-ended
d. a forced-choice
20. A measurement question where the participant chooses the words to frame the answer is a _____ question.
a. double-barreled
b. leading
c. free-response
d. structured
Objective: Differentiate between sampling methods and their application in business research.
21. Which type of sampling technique can result in a skewed sample if periodicity exists in the population?
a. Simple random
b. Systematic
c. Stratified
d. Cluster
22. In which sampling technique are participants in a study selected by referral?
a. Convenience
b. Judgment
c. Quota
d. Snowball
23. Which type of chart uses bars to represent data values such that each value occupies an equal amount of area within the enclosed area?
a. Bar chart
b. Pie chart
c. Histogram
d. Stem-and-leaf display
24. Ensuring consistency among respondents, locating omissions, and reducing errors in recording are all benefits of _____.
a. data collection
b. data editing
c. sampling
d. coding
25. Reducing data to a manageable size, developing summaries, and applying statistical techniques are all aspects of _____.
a. sampling
b. data collection
c. pilot testing
d. data analysis
26. Common measures of _____ include the range, interquartile range, variance or standard deviation, and variation.
a. central tendency
b. variability
c. shape
d. location
27. A _____ is equal to the observation minus the mean.
a. standard deviation
b. deviation score
c. range
d. mode
28. The _____ is a parametric test to determine the statistical significance between the sample distribution mean and a population parameter.
a. F statistic
b. chi-square
c. Z distribution
d. Z test
29. Which of the following involves a test of two related samples?
a. Test of differences in the percent of men and women who are or are not members of Greek organizations on campus
b. Test of the average incomes of subscribers of Magazine A and Magazine B
c. Test of whether the mean salary of professors at Metro University is higher than the national average for university professors
d. Test of whether a change occurred in the proneness for heart disease among people who switched to a diet high in fish
30. Which of the following tests is most appropriate for examining differences in the average number of hours spent viewing television among four different age groups?
a. Z test
b. t-test
c. ANOVA
d. X2