1. According to Erich Goode, a way to explain adolescent involvement in delinquency is through:
social learning theory
failure to fit into conventional society
inadequate child-parent relationships
social bond theory
2. Over the past 15 years, the number of females arrested for violent crimes has increased ____ percent.
15
25
30
45
3. Infanticide is primarily committed by members of a child's family using ____.
poison
guns
hands or feet
knives
4. In 2005, the U.SHistorically, which of the following was not handled by the juvenile court?
neglected children
delinquents
hate crimes
status offenses
5. Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty for offenders under the age of 18 at the time they committed their crime:
could continue as it is in line with the Stubborn Child Law of the Constitution
violates the Eighth Amendment
is acceptable to the general public and, therefore, constitutional
violates the principle of parens patriae
6. nce a juvenile is detained and a petition is filed, a hearing must be scheduled within:
24 hours
48-72 hours
85-120 hours
1 week
7. When a juvenile is suspected of committing a crime, police have the discretion to:
release the child and report the contact
interrogate or search the child
turn the child over to their parents under the promise of punishment
both A and B are correct
8. Most youth tend to pick friends who are like themselves. The term that describes this process is called_________.
homophily
heliophobia
hobophobily
hormephobia
9. According to criminologist Ko-lin Chin, Chinese gang activity is dominated by:
fighting over turf
accumulating money
doing drugs
organizing prostitution rings
10. The Rochester Youth Development Study found that gang members accounted for _____ percent of the serious delinquent acts in the community.
10
18
nearly 40
more than 85
11. Some risk factors associated with gang membership include:
poverty
failure in school
prior violence
increased drug use
all of the above are correct
12. Latchkey children are those who:
regularly pick the locks on their neighbor's homes
have been abandoned at home by work-oriented parents
regularly care for themselves without adult supervision after school or on weekends
have highly authoritarian parents
13. In a study of the relationship between religiosity and delinquency, Travis Hirschi and Rodney Stark found that:
religious adolescents had lower rates of delinquency
religious adolescents had higher rates of delinquency
atheist adolescents had lower rates of delinquency than religious adolescents
there was no relationship between religiosity and delinquency
14. According to Russell Hill and Frank Stafford, one way mothers compensate for being in the paid labor force full-time is by:
spending more money on their children
cutting down on their own sleep and leisure time
taking time off from work to be with their children
spending more time with their children on weekends
15. According to Bruce Chadwick and Brent Top, the more _____ a person is, the less likely he or she will participate in delinquent or criminal behaviors.
ethical
educated
financially secure
religious
16. According to the most recent Indicators of School Crime and Safety report, children were ___ times more likely to be murdered away from school than at school.
5
12
22
50
17. Children are ____ times more likely to be murdered away from school than at school.
16
35
50
80
18. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in _____, that school officials may legally search students and their lockers without consent.
Thompson v. Carthage School District
New Jersey v. T.L.O.
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
19. Research has found that schools with zero-tolerance policies are _____ orderly and secure than schools, which use a case-by-case approach.
significantly more
significantly less
no more
no less
20. Peers offer each other a sense of which of the following?
acceptance
camaraderie
empowerment
all of the above are correct
21. Which one of the following is not a risk factor for very early childhood and delinquency?
maternal smoking
bullying
parent incarceration
exposure to lead
22. Impoverished neighborhoods often are characterized by which of the following?
high rates of self-employment
inadequate education systems
strong social support networks
both B and C are correct
23. The most effective prevention programs are aimed at children in:
the earliest stages of life
preschool and kindergarten
run-down neighborhoods
early Head Start program
24. The numerous early prevention programs conducted since the 1970's have concluded that:
children are active learners and that they are better equipped to enter kindergarten
prevention is more effective among females
all crime prevention programs need to target the lower-class
early intervention in prenatal care improves child development and decreases risk factors
25. A _____ approach to the drug problem involves using a public health model to reduce the risks and consequences of using illicit drugs.
D.A.R.E.
legalization
harm reduction
resistance education