Assignment
Purpose: In the first assignment, you have the opportunity to see ethics in play in a real world scenario. You will read the case scenario and answers the questions in a narrative format. Use headings for each question. Headings are not the question. You are required to use the course material to support your reasoning and the conclusions made.
Outcomes met by completing this project:
1. identify ethical issues that arise in domestic and global business environments using an understanding of ethical concepts and of legal and business principles
Case Scenario:
Kobe is one of the largest steelmakers in the world and the third largest steelmaker in Japan with more than 200 subsidiaries and 62 affiliated companies in Europe, Asia, and North America. On April 1, 2018, Kiroya Kawasaki stepped down as CEO and President of Kobe Steel in the wake of an investigation after the company admitting to widespread falsification of quality data about metal supplied to automobile companies such as Toyota, Honda, Mazda, Subaru, Nissan and Ford. Kobe Steel had been falsifying quality data for as many as 10 years and was aware the company was selling substandard metal (aluminum, copper and powdered steel) that was used in making molded part to companies around the world.
Steel making is crucial to Japan's economy and reputation for precision manufacturing providing a competitive edge over China and other countries that offer cheaper alternatives. However, this latest scandal continues to chip away at Japan's already marred reputation. In 2016, Suzuki Motors and Mitsubishi admitted to cheating on test that exaggerated the fuel economy on its vehicles and Takata recalled tens of millions of vehicles for faulty airbags forcing the company into bankruptcy.
Noted by a corporate watchdog, Japanese companies have been considered diligent about quality control but due to time, competitive pressure or other factors, when cheating occurred, it went unchecked. Also, Japanese companies tend to discourage thorough examination or criticism from employees or independent examiners.
At Kobe, employees were supposed to test products to ensure design standards outlined in specific customer contracts were met. Kobe Steel admitted that in some cases the test were not carried out and in several instances employees deliberately altered inspection certificates or recorded false results to make it appear tests were carried out to meet quality standards. Kobe also admitted that employees at several factories altered inspection certificates on copper and aluminum products between September 2016 and August 2017. The altered records made it appear that its products met manufacturing specification set by its customers. Two known incidents of data falsification related to tensile strength, which is vital to the resistance of a material breaking under stress and powdered steel used in molded metal parts. Kobe sent the quality data to its customer who in turn approved shipment of the goods to customers.
After admitting to widespread tampering of quality data, authorities in Japan and the United States started investigating Kobe. With at least five decades of data fraud, more than 600 customers were identified as affected by Kobe's actions. Kobe Steel supplies manufacturing parts for automobiles, trains, aircrafts, electronics and other metal products. During the internal review, Kobe confirmed findings of data falsification stating that the problem spanned four percent of the company's output between September 2016 and August 2017. Affected products included the following products that were shipped to approximately 200 companies:
• 19,300 tons of flat-rolled and extruded aluminum products
• 19,400 units of aluminum casting and forgings
• 2,200 tons of copper products
At the time, Kobe Steel declined to reveal the names of the companies affected but indicated it had not received any complaints from customers using the affected products.
In October of 2017, Kobe Steel established an Independent Investigation Committee (IIC) that reviewed the company's shipments between September 2016 and August 2017. The company recognized misconduct that covered the act of fabricating inspection data that did not meet customer specifications and public standards and the shipping and delivering of products to customers as if the products conformed to customer specifications and public standards.
Findings of the report revealed the involvement of executive officers in the misconduct but stated the involvement was limited to the Aluminum and Copper Business. Two executive officers were aware of the misconduct but did not report the issue to their boss who was the Head of the Aluminum and Copper Business. Another executive who was aware of the misconduct made the decision as a basic policy to gradually eliminate the production and shipment of nonconforming products. He also decided to instruct staff to improve manufacturing processes and to stop accepting part of the orders.
The report also showed former executive officers were directly involved with misconduct before becoming executive officers and failed to stop or correct the misconduct. The misconduct extended beyond the Aluminum and Copper Business to other division and Group companies.
Instructions:
Step 1: Course Material
For this project, you are required to use the case scenario facts and the course material. External sources are not permitted. You are not researching on the Internet or using resources from outside the course. You are expected to answer the requirements identified below showing the connection between the case scenario facts and the course material. Using course material goes beyond defining terms and are used to explain the 'why and how' of a situation. Avoid merely making statements but close the loop of the discussion by explaining how something happens or why something happens, which focuses on importance and impact. In closing the loop, you will demonstrate the ability to think clearly and rationally showing an understanding of the logical connections between the ideas presented in a case scenario, the course material and the question(s) being asked. Using one or two in-text citations from the course material throughout the entire paper will not earn many points on an assignment. The use of a variety of course material is expected consistently supporting what is presented. The support must be relevant and applicable to the topic being discussed. Points are not earned for mentioning a term or concept but by clearly and thoroughly explaining or discussing the question at hand.
NOTE: If external sources are used, what is presented will not count and a penalty for following instruction will apply.
Step 2: Create Headings
You will use the following headings for this project. Make sure that each heading is in place and use the headings as a guide to write each section of the project.
• Introduction
• Ethical Issues
• Potential Implications for Stakeholders
• Role of Corporate Culture
• Utilitarian Viewpoint
• Aristotle's Viewpoint
• Addressing the Issues & Behavior
• Conclusion
Step 3: Write the Introduction
Create the introductory paragraph. The introductory paragraph is the first paragraph of the paper and tells a reader the main points covered in the paper. To help you know how to write an introduction, view this website to learn how to write an introductory paragraph.
Write the introduction last to ensure all of the main points are covered.
Step 4: Answer the Following
Answer the following requirements using both the course material and case scenario facts to support the reasoning and conclusions made. You may use additional research but are limited to two additional articles related to Kobe Steel. All source material must be cited and referenced.
• Identify and discuss the ethical issues related to the Kobe Steel scandal.
• Identify and discuss the stakeholders involved in the Kobe Steel scandal. Be thorough and specific.
• Discuss the potential implications of Kobe Steel's actions on each stakeholder or stakeholder group. Give examples.
• Discuss how corporate culture played a role in Kobe Steel's misconduct.
• Explain how a utilitarian would view the misconduct actions of Kobe Steel.
• Explain how Aristotle would view the actions of Kobe Steel's employees.
• Using Kant's ethical theory, explain how the new CEO should address the quality issues and unethical behavior of the employees to ease the minds of the company's stakeholders.
Step 5: Review the Paper
Read the paper to ensure all required elements are present. Use the grading rubric to ensure that you gain the most points possible for this assignment.
Proofread the paper for spelling and grammatical issues, and third person writing.
• Read the paper aloud as a first measure;
• Use the spell and grammar check in Word as a second measure;
• Have someone who has excellent English skills proofread the paper;
• Consider submitting the paper to the Effective Writing Center (EWC). The EWC will provide 4-6 areas that may need improvement.
Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
1. The answer should be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
2. The response also includes a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
3. Also include a reference page. The Citations and references should follow APA format. The reference page is not included in the required page length.