--%>

Bond Ratings

Fully explain the term Bond Ratings?

E

Expert

Verified

Bond Ratings:

• Individuals and small business encompass to rely on exterior agencies to give them information on default potential of bonds.

• The two most famous credit rating agencies are Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s) and standard and poor’s (S&P). Both credit rating services rank bonds in precedence of their predicted probability of default and publish the ratings as letter grades.

• The maximum-grade bonds, those with the minimum default risk, are rated Aaa (or AAA).

• Bonds in the top four rating groups are termed as investment-grade bonds—AAA to Baa.

• State and federal laws usually need commercial banks, pension funds, insurance companies, other financial institutions, and govt. agencies to buy securities rated merely as investment grade.

   Related Questions in Microeconomics

  • Q : Average retail price and the consumer

    Table illustrates the average retail price of milk and the Consumer Price Index from the year 1980 to 1998.

    Q : Calculating accounting profits The firm

    The firm has $70,000 in implicit costs, and the economic profit of $40,000. This firm’s: (i) Explicit cost equivalent $30,000. (ii) Accounting profits equivalent $110,000. (iii) Normal gain equivalents $40,000. (iv) Explicit costs equivalent $110,000.

  • Q : Competitive equilibration processes

    When a purely competitive industry is within long-run equilibrium and consumer demand then raises, the short-run industry quantity supplied and equilibrium price would tend to: (w) fall. (x) rise. (y) remain similar. (z) swing up and

  • Q : Define primary deficit Primary deficit

    Primary deficit: Primary deficit is the difference among fiscal deficit and interest payments prepared by the government Primary deficit = Fiscal deficit – Interest payments

  • Q : Guidelines for Estimating Times and

    Guidelines for Estimating Times and Costs: Determine responsibilities. Use many people to estimate. Base estimates on general conditions. Select time units, and be consistent in their use. Indepen

  • Q : Perfectly inelastic demand problem When

    When will an augment in supply entail a raise in price however no change in quantity?

  • Q : Define Surveys or Polls Surveys or

    Surveys or Polls: The word survey or poll usually describes a method of gathering information from a sample of individuals. In contrast to a census, where all members of the population are studied, surveys collect details from only a part of a populat

  • Q : Ratio of perfect equality and Lorenz

    The ratio of the area between the perfect equality reference line and the Lorenz curve is the: (w) Gini index. (x) relative income (y) poverty line (z) marginal productivity standard.

    Q : Economically inefficient level of output

    A monopolist produces an economically inefficient level of output since: (i) the difference among marginal revenue [MR] and marginal costs [marginal costs [MC] is maximized. (ii) P > average total costs [ATC], therefore MSB < MSC. (iii) all cons

  • Q : Market supplies of labor withinin long

    During the long run, the labor supply curve facing a main industry: (w) will always be positively associated to the wage rate. (x) will slope upward only when individual labor supply curves slope upward. (y) can be backward bending at very high wage r