Assignment
Q1. Consider a two-by-three integer array t.
a) Write a statement that declares and creates t.
b) How many rows does t have?
c) How many columns does t have?
d) How many elements does t have?
e) Write access expressions for all the elements in row 1 of t.
f) Write access expressions for all the elements in column 2 of t.
g) Write a single statement that sets the element of t in row 0 and column 1 to zero.
h) Write individual statements to initialize each element of t to zero.
i) Write a nested for statement that initializes each element of t to zero.
j) Write a nested for statement that inputs the values for the elements of t from the user.
k) Write a series of statements that determines and displays the smallest value in t.
l) Write a single printf statement that displays the elements of the first row of t.
m) Write a statement that totals the elements of the third column of t. Do not use repetition.
n) Write a series of statements that displays the contents of t in tabular format. List the column indices as headings across the top, and list the row indices at the left of each row.
Q2. (Game of Craps) Write an application that runs 1,000,000 games of craps (Fig. 6.8 of your textbook) and answer the following questions:
a) How many games are won on the first roll, second roll, ..., twentieth roll and after the twentieth roll?
b) How many games are lost on the first roll, second roll, ..., twentieth roll and after the twentieth roll?
c) What are the chances of winning at craps? [Note: You should discover that craps is one of the fairest casino games. What do you suppose this means?]
d) What is the average length of a game of craps?
e) Do the chances of winning improve with the length of the game?
Q3. (Simulation: The Tortoise and the Hare) In this problem, you'll re-create the classic race of the tortoise and the hare. You'll use random-number generation to develop a simulation of this memorable event. Our contenders begin the race at square 1 of 70 squares. Each square represents a possible position along the race course. The finish line is at square 70. The first contender to reach or pass square 70 is rewarded with a pail of fresh carrots and lettuce. The course weaves its way up the side of a slippery mountain, so occasionally the contenders lose ground. A clock ticks once per second. With each tick of the clock, your application should adjust the position of the animals according to the rules in Fig. Use variables to keep track of the positions of the animals (i.e., position numbers are 1-70). Start each animal at position 1 (the "starting gate"). If an animal slips left before square 1, move it back to square 1.
Generate the percentages in Fig by producing a random integer i in the range 1 ≤ i ≤10. For the tortoise, perform a "fast plod" when 1 ≤ i ≤ 5, a "slip" when 6 ≤ i ≤ 7 or a "slow plod" when 8 ≤ i ≤10. Use a similar technique to move the hare.
Begin the race by displaying BANG !!!!!
AND THEY'RE OFF !!!!!
Then, for each tick of the clock (i.e., each repetition of a loop or sleep timer-timing out every second), display a 70-position line showing the letter T in the position of the tortoise and the letter H in the position of the hare. Occasionally, the contenders will land on the same square. In this case, the tortoise bites the hare, and your application should display OUCH!!! beginning at that position. All output positions other than the T, the H or the OUCH!!! (in case of a tie) should be blank. After each line is displayed, test for whether either animal has reached or passed square
If so, display the winner and terminate the simulation. If the tortoise wins, display TORTOISE WINS!!! YAY!!! If the hare wins, display HARE WINS. YUCH. If both animals win on the same tick of the clock, you may want to favor the tortoise (the "underdog"), or you may want to display It's a tie. If neither animal wins, perform the loop again to simulate the next tick of the clock. When you're ready to run your application, assemble a group of fans to watch the race. You'll be amazed at how involved your audience gets!
Q4.
a. Create a class TicTacToe that will enable you to write a program to play Tic-Tac-Toe. The class contains a private 3-by-3 two-dimensional integer array where 1 represents X, 0 represents available/empty, -1 represents O. The constructor should initialize the board elements to empty. Allow two human players. Wherever the first player moves, place a 1 in the specified square, and place a -1 wherever the second player moves. Each move must be to an empty square. After each move, determine whether the game has been won and whether it's a draw. If it is a win then print which player won and if it's a draw then reinitialize the array to empty and restart the game: this could be done using a sentinel controlled loop. You are provided with a class
which contains a method that takes an argument of your array and prints the board. Use this method to print the board after every move.
b. Feeling ambitious, modify your program so that the computer makes the moves for one of the players. Also, allow the player to specify whether he or she wants to go first or second. Use an enumeration to represent the value in each cell of the array. The enumeration's constants should be named X, O and EMPTY (for a position that does not contain an X or an O). The constructor should initialize the board elements to EMPTY. Wherever the first player moves, place an X in the specified square, and place an O wherever the second player moves. Each move must be to an empty square. After each move, determine whether the game has been won and whether it's a draw. If it is a win then print which player won and if it's a draw then reinitialize the array to empty and restart the game: this could be done using a sentinel controlled loop. You are provided with a class which contains a method that takes an argument of your array and prints the board. Use this method to print the board after every move. If your original array is enum type then you would need to convert it into integer and then use this method.
Q5. Write a method that reverses the order of elements in an ArrayList without creating a new ArrayList. You may only use the methods remove, add, and size. (For this problem you could use ArrayList or ArrayList). Write a driver class and demonstrate the working of your method.
Q6. Derive a class Lizard from Reptile (Reptile & Vertebrate is provided to you) with private data members as int lizardLength, String lizardLocation. (lizardLocation values could be tropical, dry, cold etc.). Add a 4 argument constructor in this class to initialize values of brainSize, eggSize, lizardLength & lizardLocation. Override the toString method in this class and make it return all the 4 data members as String. Create a main method inside this class and create an object by initializing values for member data. Print this object using toString() method. Output shall look like:
brain size = 0.9 egg size = 4.0 lizardLength = 10
lizardLocation = tropical
Q7. Write an inheritance hierarchy for classes Quadrilateral, Trapezoid, Parallelogram, Rectangle and Square. Use Quadrilateral as the superclass of the hierarchy. You are being provided with a Point class, use it to represent the points in each shape. For e.g. the private instance variables of Quadrilateral should be the x-y coordinate pairs for the four endpoints of the Quadrilateral. Write a program that instantiates objects of your classes and outputs each object's area (except Quadrilateral).
Quadrilateral:
Data: Point topLeft, topRight, bottomLeft, bottomRight; Methods: Constructors, getters, setters, toString
All derived classes: Each derived class must have its own instance data like side for Square, length & width for Rectange and so on.
Methods: Constructors, setters, getters, to String, get Area() Instructions.