Question 1: Explain briefly what Kuhn means by a "paradigm shift" and give an example of how Galileo tries to get us to see the world in his way. Be specific.
Question 2: Answer EITHER: Define "orientalism" (according to Rosemary Lee and/or Edward Said) and discuss how Gerome's painting, The Snake Charmer, contributes to its modern form. OR: Choose one of the primary documents on the European perspective of the Ottomans (Cardinal Bessarion's letter, Luther on the Turks, Melchior Lorck's images, de Busbecq's letters) and explain how the treatment of the Ottomans in it might actually reflect issues in the author's own European culture.
Question 3: What is Kant's distinction between the "public" and "private" use of reason? Give concrete examples
Question 4: Give two concrete examples from Mozart's Magic Flute of how the opera represents ideas of the Enlightenment.
Question 5: Choose one specific idea discussed in the first half of the course (e.g., Luther, Max Weber, the Thirty Years' War, the Treaty of Westphalia, Descartes, Machiavelli) and show concretely how it is related to some development studied in the second half of the course (from Galileo forward).
Question 6: Choose any idea mentioned during the quarter, explain it, and explain how it could help analyze/explain some contemporary event.