Question 1
Asbestos exposure has been associated with:
A. pesticides from the organochloride family
B. asbestosis, malignant mesothelioma, and lung cancer
C. metallic compounds
D. vinyl chloride
Reset Selection
Question 2
A sentinel health event refers to:
A. the correlation between daily mortality and increased air pollution
B. the nuclear plant accident in Chernobyl, Ukraine.
C. a case of unnecessary workplace disease that serves as a warning signal.
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 3
The healthy worker effect refers to the observation that:
A. exercise on the job causes workers to become healthy and gain years of life.
B. healthy persons are more likely to gain employment than unhealthy persons.
C. unemployed persons tend to have lower mortality than employed persons
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 4
A situation in which the combined effect of several exposures is greater than the sum of the individual effects
A. threshold
B. latency
C. synergism
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 5
The time period between initial exposure and a measurable response
A. threshold
B. latency
C. synergism
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 6
It has been suggested that occupational exposure to benzene in the petroleum industry increases the risk of developing leukemia. The levels of benzene to which workers in this industry have been exposed were high from 1940 to 1970, but since 1970 have been significantly reduced.
What kind of study design, using petroleum workers, would provide the most useful information on whether benzene affects incidence rates of leukemia in this industry? (You may assume that records of individual worker assignments to jobs involving benzene exposure have been maintained by the industry.)
A. Retrospective cohort
B. Case-control
C. Cross-sectional
D. Experimental
Reset Selection
Question 7
In case-control studies evaluating the epidemiological evidence for genetic factors, family recall bias:
A. is the special situation where cases are more likely to be informed about their family history than are controls
B. never occurs
C. does not matter
D. only occurs in the controls
Reset Selection
Question 8
The situation in which only a single copy of an altered gene located on an non-sex chromosome is sufficient to cause an increased risk of disease refers to:
A. autosomal recessive
B. recessive
C. autosomal dominant
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 9
The situation in which a specific allele at the marker locus is strongly associated with the mutant allele is known as:
A. linkage disequilibrium
B. single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
C. polymorphic
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 10
Psychosocial epidemiology includes the following factors:
A. psychological
B. behavioral
C. social
D. all of the above
Reset Selection
Question 11
The type A behavior pattern is hypothesized to be a risk factor for
A. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. coronary heart disease
C. rheumatoid arthritis
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 12
Which of the following statements describes the person-environment fit model
A. Discrepancy between husband and wife in social and educational status
B. Goodness of fit between the characteristics of the person and environment
C. Stressors that result from the happenings in one's existence
D. None of the above
Reset Selection
Question 13
Personal behavior and lifestyle factors in health do not include
A. social support
B. alcohol consumption
C. dietary practices
D. lack of exercise
Reset Selection
Question 14
The overarching goals of Healthy People is to:
A. increase quality and years of healthy life
B. eliminate health disparities
C. both A & B
D. none of the above
Reset Selection
Question 15
In light of the recent emphasis on genetics, the two questions that epidemiologists ask, in regards to the etiology of a disease are: How much of the incidence of the disease is due to genetic factors, and how much is due to
A. viruses
B. bacteria
C. vectors
D. the environment
Reset Selection
Question 16
Examples of social incongruity include:
A. discrepancy between parents in social status
B. discrepancy between generations, e.g., fathers and sons
C. changes from rural to urban residence
D. all of the above
Reset Selection
Question 17
One of the most important concepts in Epidemiology for you to grasp is the idea of multiple causality. This concept means that there is more than one single factor that must be present for disease to develop. Given what you've learned in this course, which of the following are likely to be multi-factorial in etiology?
A. obesity
B. coronary heart disease
C. lung cancer
D. all of the above
Reset Selection
Question 18
The most important methodological problems in the measurement of life events are:
A. subject's recall ability
B. reliability of measurement
C. memory biases
D. all of the above
Reset Selection
Question 19
Which of the following conditions would not be likely to be considered a Western or way-of-life disease:
A. Bacterial infections
B. Diverticular disease
C. Obesity
D. Diabetes
Reset Selection
Question 20
Which of the following statements describes life events?
A. Discrepancy between husband and wife in social and educational status
B. Goodness of fit between the characteristics of the person and environment
C. Stressors that result from the happenings in one's existence
D. None of the above
Reset Selection
Question 21
According to The Association of Schools of Public Health, competencies in epidemiology to be achieved by Master of Public Health degree candidates in public health include
A. Evaluating the strengths and limitations of epidemiologic reports.
B. Calculating basic epidemiology measures
C. Communicating epidemiologic information to lay and professional audiences
D. all of the above
Reset Selection
Question 22
Career roles for epidemiologist include
A. academic workers
B. pharmaceutical and biotech industry workers
C. research workers
D. all of the above
Reset Selection
Question 23
The ethical guidelines for Epidemiologists includes:
A. minimization of risks and the protection of research subjects
B. protection of privacy of research participants
C. obtaining proper informed consent of research subjects and submitting their research studies for review by an independent ethics review committee
D. all of the above
Reset Selection
Question 24
An informed consent for research participants should include which elements:
A. a description of the purpose of the study and the scientific methods and procedures
B. a description of any anticipated risks or benefits and that the subject is able to withdraw from the study at any time
C. A only
D. both A & B
Reset Selection
Question 25
Epidemiologists conducting research should also make sure to maintain public trust. A key way to do so is to:
A. involve community representatives in research, such as through community advisory boards
B. pay everyone involved
C. only conduct studies in affluent communities
D. none of the above