What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?
to receive electrons from the citric acid cycle and deliver them to the electron transport chain
to catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP
to accumulate in the mitochondrial intermembrane space to facilitate ATP synthesis
to serve as a substrate to bind to acetyl-CoA at the beginning of the citric acid cycle
None of the answers are correct.
2.
How is the energy from the electron transport chain used most directly?
to form the bonds of a water molecule
to pump hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial inner membrane into the mitochondrial intermembrane space
to join ADP with a phosphate
to decompose glucose into pyruvate
to rotate ATP synthase
3.
In the process of alcoholic fermentation, what causes the liquid to bubble?
oxygen
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
alcohol
sugar
4.
Which molecules transport electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain?
NADH and FADH2
ATP and ADP
GTP and GDP
oxaloacetate and citric acid
None of the answers are correct.
5.
What causes the ATP synthase rotor to spin?
the passing of electrons through ATP synthase
the movement of protons across the mitochondrial membrane
the movement of electrons across the mitochondrial membrane
the synthesis of ATP from ADP and a phosphate group
None of the answers are correct.
6.
Which process provides the energy needed to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane during oxidative phosphorylation?
the transfer of electrons in redox reactions
the breakdown of ATP to ADP
the rotation of the ATP synthase rotor
oxidation of isocitrate
None of the answers are correct.
7.
Which biochemical process do aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration and fermentation all have in common?
glycolysis
citric acid cycle
oxidative phosphorylation
electron transport chain
non-oxygen molecules as final electron acceptors
8.
Which process in oxidative phosphorylation releases energy?
the transfer of electrons in redox reactions
the buildup of H+ ions on one side of the mitochondrial membrane
the rotation of the ATP synthase rotor
the synthesis of ATP from ADP and a phosphate group
All answers are correct.
9.
Which of the following atoms has the highest electronegativity?
sulfur
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen
carbon
10.
Suppose a microorganism invades a cell, causing damage to ATP synthase. How would cellular respiration be affected?
Electrons could not be passed down the electron transport chain.
ADP could not be joined with a phosphate to form ATP.
Hydrogen ions could not be pumped into the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
The cell could not release any energy from the glucose molecule.
Glucose could not be broken down into pyruvate.
11.
What is the function of oxidation reactions in the citric acid cycle?
to catalyze ATP synthesis
to release energy from substrate molecules
to oxidize NAD+ to NADH
to break down glucose into pyruvate
All answers are correct.
12.
Which statement regarding facultative anaerobes is true?
They can survive in the presence or absence of oxygen.
They require oxygen to survive.
They require the absence of oxygen to survive.
They cannot metabolize glucose.
They require carbon dioxide to survive.