1. What is the copy-on-write feature, and under what circumstances is its use beneficial? What hardware support is required to implement this feature?
2. A certain computer provides its users with a virtual memory space of 232 bytes. The computer has 222 bytes of physical memory. The virtual memory is implemented by paging, and the page size is 4,096 bytes. A user process generates the virtual address 11123456. Explain how the system establishes the corresponding physical location. Distinguish between software and hardware operations.