What is internal and external validity when conducting


Discussion board with 2 parts and I want 300 words for each one along with at least 3 references please!!

When reading and evaluating research articles, human services professionals should be able to determine whether that research study is valid and reliable. Establishing validity and reliability in research is important to trust the results from the study and to be able to apply those results to a larger research population.

When looking at different research studies, you will often find that when internal validity is high, external validity is low, and vice versa. In this assignment, you will further explore the interaction between internal and external validity.

Tasks:

Part 1:

Based on the course readings and research, in a minimum of 300 words, post your responses to the following:

• What is internal and external validity? When conducting research, why is there often a trade-off between internal and external validity?

• Is there a benefit in achieving a high level of one type of validity (internal versus external) over the other? Is there a way to design a study or series of studies to have high internal as well as high external validity? What would be the benefit?

Part 2:

Using the Argosy University online library resources, locate a research study related to the human services field. Share your purpose of research. In about 300 words, post your responses to the following:

• Evaluate the level of internal and external validity achieved in the study.

• Discuss how the interpretation of the data is affected by the level of validity (both strengths and weaknesses).

Discussion board 2 with 200 words with at least 3 references please!!

The use of personal pronouns (I, my, or we) in scholarly writing is an area of great contention in academia. Some say that the use of personal pronouns is a way of asserting your writer's voice.However, others will discount the use of personal pronouns as inappropriate.

Your course textbook (Ridley, 2008) suggests that one way to assert your writer's voice is to use personal pronouns in your scholarly writings. Additionally, the APA Style Manual recommends using "I" rather than the third person. However, the use of personal pronouns is often discouraged in academic writings.

In this assignment, you will explore the pros and cons of using personal pronouns in research writing.

Tasks:

On the basis of the course readings and the literature that you have reviewed for this course, in a minimum of 200 words, post your responses to the following:

• What are the pros and cons of using personal pronouns in scholarly writing?

• Why would most academic institutions not permit the use of these pronouns?

• Do you agree or disagree with this perspective that institutions hold? Why or why not?

Discussion board 3 with 400 words along with 3 references please!!

A strong literature review not only plays a foundational role for setting up a research proposal and/or dissertation but also plays an important role in the results and discussion sections that are presented after the data has been collected and analyzed. As you move into this module's discussion, consider all you have learned about the literature review including the continuing process you explored in this module's readings.

Tasks:

In a minimum of 400 words, post your responses to the following:

Part 1:

• Why is the literature review a needed piece of a research proposal? How can a weak literature review diminish a research proposal?

• Once the data has been collected and you are moving into the completion of the research report, how will you continue to pull from your literature review in the results and discussion section of your report?

Part 2:

• What did you find to be the most valuable task in the research or writing process?

• What strengths and weaknesses did you find in yourself through the research and writing process that you covered in this course?

• How do you see yourself applying the skills you have gained through this course in your future career in human services research?

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