1.Davis points out that one paradox in the standard theory of whistle-blowing is that:
a.Whistle-blowers are also employees of the company and have connections to more than just the company and the law.
b.Whistle-blowers are not merely good Samaritans.
c.Whistle-blowers can only stretch the word "harm" from the standard theory so far.
d.Whistle-blowers do not generally prevent much "harm."
e.All of the above are true.
2.Testing the case of __________ shows that the standard theory is __________.
a.Enron, correct
b.General Motors and the Corvair, wrong
c.the Challenger explosion, flawed
d.the Berlin Wall, supported
e.None of the above
3.As quoted in Duska's article, Bowie claims that whistle-blowing violates:
a.An employee's right to privacy
b.An employee's loyalty to his or her employer
c.Davis's third paradox
d.The golden rule
e.All of the above
4.Duska makes distinctions among how many types of philosophical camps regarding the proper object of loyalty?
a.Two
b.Four
c.Three
d.Six
e.None of the above
5.Duska's main conclusion is that:
a.One can only be loyal to an individual, not to a group.
b.Businesses are like teams.
c.The goal of business is to make a profit.
d.Whistle-blowing is an act of disloyalty.
e.Whistle-blowing is NOT an act of disloyalty.
6.What does Duska mean when he says that a company is an instrument, not an end in itself?
a.It's created to earn profit, and it doesn't have value in itself, like a person does.
b.It's created to earn profit, so it deserves the loyalty of people who share the profit.
c.It's created by people, so it deserves the same respect given to people.
d.It's created with the goal of human fulfillment, so it has elevated moral status.
e.It's created with the goal of human fulfillment, so it has lowered moral status.
7.As quoted by Soles, Royce would say that the thing to which one is loyal must be:
a.Worthy
b.An idea
c.External and objective
d.True and present
e.One's company
8.If we conceive of loyalty according to the idealist account, then what follows according to Soles?
a.No one will ever be loyal.
b.Instances of loyalty will be few and far between.
c.Few things will be worthy of loyalty.
d.A higher divorce rate will occur.
e.All of the above
9.What is the problem with the theory Soles calls "loyalties as norms"?
a.It demands unreasonable amounts of loyalty to employers.
b.It says that employees do not have to be loyal to employers.
c.It makes loyalty a moral standard.
d.It is not helpful in providing moral guidance about loyalty.
e.It would not allow for whistle-blowing.
10.According to the minimalist theory, what would you need to do to be loyal to your employer?
a.Perform the duties of your job to the best of your ability.
b.Feel affection and respect for your employer.
c.Vote in ways representing the employer's interest.
d.Avoid purchasing products from the employer's competitor.
11.According to Randels, what is the relationship between loyalty and self-interest?
a.In a capitalist economy, self-interest is the only option.
b.Loyalty requires acting against your own self-interest.
c.Organizations and people who are interested in profit cannot also be loyal.
d.The loyal person's self-interest is linked to the organization's interests.
e.Neither loyalty nor self-interest is appropriate for an employee.
12.Randels thinks that a company can be deserving of loyalty, if it becomes more like:
a.A family
b.A team
c.An instrument
d.A religion
e.A community
13.In Ariely's study, which of these factors changed people's cheating behavior?
a.How much money they were offered
b.When they were responsible for paying themselves
c.When they had to recite the Ten Commandments before the test
d.Whether test subjects were religious or atheist
e.All of the above changed cheating behavior in Ariely's tests.
14.According to Ariely, why were people more willing to take the Coke than the money?
a.Because it is easier to cheat when cash is not involved
b.Because the Coke was not worth much money
c.Because they believed they would get caught stealing money
d.Because they believed the punishment would be less for stealing a Coke
e.Because they did not have to reflect on their moral standards in the Coke test
15.What is Ariely's point about Enron leaders?
a.We need to make sure their punishment is sufficiently severe.
b.They realized what they were doing was crazy.
c.They were dealing with money, which made it easier to cheat.
d.Cheating became part of the social norm, so "everyone was doing it."
e.Enron employees were bad apples.