Problem:
Diagnostic evaluation of Alzheimer's disease includes cognitive assessments such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), both of which quantify cognitive decline. Neuroimaging with MRI typically reveals hippocampal atrophy, while PET scans identify amyloid and tau pathology. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis may indicate reduced amyloid-beta 42 levels and elevated total tau and phosphorylated tau, findings consistent with Alzheimer's pathology. These diagnostic modalities support clinical assessment by highlighting structural and biochemical markers of the disease (Gómez-Ramírez et al., 2023). Treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease primarily focus on slowing disease progression and preserving quality of life. Cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil and rivastigmine enhance cholinergic transmission and are approved for mild to moderate disease stages. For moderate to severe stages, memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, may be incorporated into the treatment regimen. Lecanemab a monoclonal antibody targeting amyloid-beta, has demonstrated modest efficacy in slowing cognitive decline when administered in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (Teipel et al., 2025). Non-pharmacologic interventions also play a crucial role in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Structured routines, physical activity, cognitive training, and caregiver education contribute to improved patient outcomes. Additionally, lifestyle modifications. Need Assignment Help?