1. Typically, ________ rather than _________ make more effective decisions.
children; adults
- individuals; groups
- groups; individuals
- men; women
2. If the members of your group were trying to decide on a course of action and experienced the risky shift phenomenon, what would be occurring?
- group members would have agreed to shift responsibilities within the group among members
- decisions selected by the group would generally be towards the action which pose the greatest risk
- risk-takers within the group would shift to being more conservative, and vice-versa
- the group consensus would shift over time from more risky actions to more cautious actions.
3. A(n) __________ may be as simple as two group members being physically near one another or as complex as two members being in competition.
- internal barrier
- external barriertriggering event
- indirect aggression
4. ____________ is one or more group member assigned the role of challenging the testimony of all those who support the majority opinion.
- outside expert
- impartial leadership
- Devil’s advocatenonconforming entity
5. In discussion among group members, Lee tries to maintain good relationships and to maximize joint benefits. How would you characterize Lee’s interaction?
- as integrative negotiations
- as mutual responsiveness
- as psychological reactance
- as distributive negotiations
6. Decisions are by their very nature ___________.
- individualistic
- deliberate discourse
- debatable
- controversial
7. According to Thomas and Schmidt (1976), managers spend what amount of their time dealing directly with conflicts?
- 10 to 15 percent
- 50 to 60 percent
- 40 to 50 percent
- 20 to 25 percent
8. All of the following can be the basis for conflicts except:
- difference in wants, needs, goals, and values
- scarcities of certain resources
- rivalry
- negotiating
9. Without _________, group decisions may always be less than optimal.
- attraction
- competence
- controversy
- rebuttal
10. What are superordinate goals?
- conflict over basic values occurring among individuals from different cultures
- goals that cannot be easily ignored by members of two antagonistic groups but whose attainment is beyond the resources and efforts of either group alone.
- seeing the motivation for the behavior of members of other groups in terms of personality factors rather than the dynamics of inter-group conflict
- seeing every action of members of other groups as a move to dominate, create an advantage, or win.