Problem
Bryan, who is 45 years old, had some surprise medical expenses during the year. To pay for these expenses (which were claimed as itemized deductions on his tax return), he received a $20,000 distribution from his traditional IRA in 2022 (he has only made deductible contributions to the IRA). Assuming his marginal ordinary income tax rate is 15 percent, what amount of taxes and/or early distribution penalties will Bryan be required to pay on this distribution?