1. The preference element of the preference-expectancy approach:
is concerned with the value that the employee places on the rewards that the organization offers.
refers to increased effort that will lead to increased performance.
refers to increased performance that will lead to increased rewards.
is concerned with the fact that the supervisor always gets the maximum returns from the investment in rewards.
2. Which of the following is true of the grapevine?
It should always be encouraged because of possible accuracy.
It is limited to nonmanagement personnel in an organization.
It always follows the organizational hierarchy.
It always exists within the formal organizational structure.