Question: The control system for some smaller space vehicles uses nitrogen from a highpressure bottle. When the vehicle has to be maneuvered, a valve is opened allowing nitrogen to flow out through a nozzle thus generating a thrust in the direction required to maneuver the vehicle. In a typical system, the pressure and temperature in the system ahead of the nozzle are about 1.6 MPa and 30°C, respectively, whereas the pressure in the jet on the nozzle exit plane is about 6 kPa. Assuming that the flow through the nozzle is isentropic and the gas velocity ahead of the nozzle is negligible, find the temperature and the velocity of the nitrogen on the nozzle exit plane. If the thrust required to maneuver the vehicle is 1 kN, find the area of the nozzle exit plane and the required mass flow rate of nitrogen. It can be assumed that the vehicle is effectively operating in a vacuum.