Discussion:
The textbook states that air pollution is generally worse in developing countries than in highly developed countries. One reason for this is that cleaner technologies can be more expensive than older, less-polluting technologies.
However, this is not always the case: sometimes cleaner technologies can be cheaper, and sometimes developing countries can focus on less-polluting industries as they develop.
For example, running telephone answering services is far less polluting than producing low-quality steel.
Identify two technologies that are less polluting and less expensive than earlier versions of that technology, and two developmental alternatives to highly polluting industries.
How might these technologies be adopted in developing countries?
Include the social, economic, infrastructure, or other limitations on their adoption in your response.