Assume that federal regulations require that the average smoke stack concentration of a certain industrial pollutant must not exceed 135 ppm. The Environmental Protection Agency suspects that one factory is violating this requirement. The Environmental Protection Agency randomly collects 31 independent specimens of smoke from the factory's stack, one specimen on each day in October, and performs an accurate (and expensive!) lab analysis. The results in ppm are:
147,151,122, 107,136,139, 141,153, 138,111,155, 147,165,148,150, 123, 106,137, 138,142,154,139, 109, 157, 146, 168,145, 153, 120,104, and 130.
Discuss how each party (the factory management and the Environmental Protection Agency) might argue its case based on sound statistical reasoning. Assume that each party has statistically competent advisers. That is, each party's position should be statistically sound. Include as appropriate graphs, calculations, and statistical tests.