Question 1: Arte found that when he joined a biking group, he seemed to be motivated to go longer distances than when he rode his bike alone. Social psychologists refer to this as:
a. The actor-observer bias.
b. Social facilitation.
c. Public distance.
d. Social loafing.
Question 2: _____________ gives acceptance, recognition, and equal status across ethnic and cultural groups.
a. Mutual interdependence.
b. Multiculturalism.
c. Just-world beliefs.
d. Ethnocentrism.
Question 3: The person who agrees to a small request initially is more likely later to comply with a larger demand. This describes the:
a. Door-in-the-face effect.
b. Foot-in-the-door effect.
c. Lowball technique.
d. Highball technique.
Question 4: Many talk shows and reality shows use ________________, in which the people on the shows reveal very personal details of their lives in order to hold the audience's attention.
a. Mutual absorption.
b. Reciprocity.
c. Overdisclosure.
d. Liking.
Question 5: Jake finds guns attractive and desirable, while Arthur feels that guns are threatening and destructive. Their differing feelings toward guns represent the ___________ component of their attitudes regarding guns and gun control.
a. Belief.
b. Status.
c. Emotional.
d. Action.
Question 6: You enter Donald's board room and are seated across a large, imposing table from him. This wide table helps this CEO maintain ___________ distance between him and his clients, and will formalize the conversations somewhat, because greater voice projection will be required.
a. Personal.
b. Territorial.
c. Social.
d. Intimate.
Question 7: When making the "fundamental attributional error," we tend to overestimate the importance of ___________ in judging the behavior of others.
a. Internal causes.
b. Situational factors.
c. External causes.
d. Motivation.
Question 8: Aggression is antisocial behavior. However, antisocial behavior can include:
a. Any actions that causes frustration.
b. Disinhibition.
c. Any actions intended to negatively impact other people.
d. Desensitization.
Question 9: Tom put in less effort on his team assignments than he did on his individual assignments. He left it to his stronger team members to do the majority of the work. Tom was engaging in:
a. Public distance.
b. Social distance.
c. Conformity.
d. Social loafing.
Question 10: Carol and Fay were both late nearly every day to work. Carol perceived that her own lateness was due to factors she couldn't control, such as traffic, but that Fay's lateness was due to being a slacker. Carol's perceptions that her problem was due to external causes and Fay's due to her personality is an example of:
a. Actor-observer bias.
b. Situational demands.
c. Action component.
d. Conviction.
Question 11: Some of the techniques used by psychoanalysts such as Freud are:
a. Dream analysis and analysis of transference.
b. Brief psychodynamic therapy.
c. Interpersonal psychotherapy.
d. Gestalt therapy.
Question 12: During systematic desensitization, a person:
a. Is asked to tense and release muscles in order to produce relaxation.
b. Is gradually exposed to a stimulus that causes anxiety or fear.
c. Is exposed to computer images of a feared stimulus.
d. Reduces anxiety by watching others being exposed to a feared stimulus or perform a feared behavior.
Question 13: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a specialized treatment for:
a. Psychosis.
b. Negative behaviors.
c. Traumatic memories.
d. Hypochondriasis.
Question 14: Although the term "neurosis" is no longer a formal diagnosis. People sometimes use it as a term to refer to:
a. Excessive anxiety.
b. Delusions.
c. Organic mental disorders.
d. Dementia.
Question 15: Aversion therapy is used to help a person develop a strong negative reaction to something undesirable, such as cigarettes or alcohol. Aversion therapy is based on principles of:
a. Client-centered therapy.
b. Psychoanalysis.
c. Behavior therapy.
d. Rational-emotive therapy.
Question 16: The ABC letters in rational-emotive behavior therapy stand for:
a. Association, beliefs, and cognitions.
b. Actions, beliefs, and contexts.
c. Activating experience, beliefs, emotional consequence.
d. Activating experience, beliefs, and cognitions.
Question 17: Although Ariela was generally a strong B student, when she did not perform well on her quiz, she felt like a total failure and thought about quitting school. Ariela was engaging in:
a. Transference.
b. Overgeneralization.
c. Self-reflection.
d. Placing blame.
Question 18: If a person believes that his or her mind is being controlled by outside forces, this person is experiencing which type of psychotic symptom?
a. Insanity.
b. Delusions.
c. Neuroses.
d. None of the above.
Question 19: Regarding schizophrenia, which of the following statements is false?
a. Schizophrenia involves a "split personality," in which a person has two distinct personalities, one normal and one abnormal.
b. One person in 100 has schizophrenia in any given year.
c. Disorganized, catatonic, paranoid, and undifferentiated are the four major subtypes of schizophrenia.
d. Many schizophrenic symptoms appear to be related to problems with selective attention.
Question 20: Ellis created rational-emotive behavior therapy based on the idea that self-defeating behaviors are due to:
a. Early childhood experiences.
b. Low self-esteem.
c. Resistance.
d. Unrealistic or faulty beliefs.
Question 21: Illness in which actual physical damage results from emotional reactions to stress is known as:
a. A somatoform disorder.
b. Hypochondrias.
c. A physio-disturbance.
d. A psychosomatic disorder.
Question 22: A_____________ is a situation or event that challenges a person or makes him or her feel threatened, whereas _______________ is the response to the challenge or threat.
a. Stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion.
b. Stress, stage of resistance.
c. Stressor, stress reaction.
d. Stress reaction, stressor.
Question 23: Primary appraisal refers to the stage in emotional adjustment during which:
a. The means of meeting a threat is chosen.
b. The pros and cons of a particular course of action are weighed.
c. One decides whether a situation is threatening or not.
d. Vague feelings of anxiety begin.
Question 24: Jace had a particularly frustrating day at work. His supervisor was in a bad mood and took his mood out on the team. Jace decided to go to the gym and play basketball to get work off his mind. Jace is using a constructive defense mechanism known as:
a. Projection.
b. Regression.
c. Sublimation.
d. Rationalization.
Question 25: Although she didn't show it outwardly, Hadia found it stressful when she moved from Turkey to London, because she was unfamiliar with the cultural norms and expectations of the new country. She was experiencing:
a. Adjustment syndrome.
b. Acculturation stress.
c. Hassle.
d. Psychosomatic disorder.
Question 26: ____________ is a good way to use physiological responses to help train people in how to relax and to self-regulate some bodily states.
a. Social support.
b. Stress inoculation.
c. Biofeedback.
d. The Social Readjustment Rating Scale.
Question 27: People who are exposed repeatedly to unpleasant events over which they have no control may develop a passive resignation to the event. This condition is called:
a. Learned helplessness.
b. Reaction formation.
c. Passive-aggressiveness.
d. Avoidance-avoidance.
Question 28: ______________ are self-critical thoughts that can increase anxiety and depression, and lower performance.
a. Stress inoculation.
b. Negative self-statements.
c. Coping statements.
d. Defense mechanisms.
Question 29: Julio is feeling mentally and emotionally exhausted from years of working long hours at the hospital. He is thinking about a change of careers. Julio is likely experiencing:
a. Displaced aggression.
b. Cognitive dissonance.
c. Pressure.
d. Burnout.
Question 30: Marian's day never seems to end. She has to deal with carpooling, traffic delays, finding a parking place at her job, working through lunch, and then coming home to cook, clean, and help with homework. Marian has stated a number of:
a. Conflicts.
b. Hassles.
c. Regressions.
d. Burnouts.